• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    1465140 Solar distillation of water BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE 6 Nov 1974 [7 Nov 1973] 48062/74 Heading B1B Pure water is obtained from an impure source by spreading the impure water as a sheet on a solar radiation absorbing surface, covering with a water immiscible liquid which is transparent to solar radiation, subjecting to solar radiation thereby heating the water, removing the heated water, evaporating (e.g. under reduced pressure in single or multiple effect evaporators) and condensing to obtain pure water. Heating pans having reflector and heat absorbing devices are described.
    公开号:SU1031406A3
    申请号:SU742075353
    申请日:1974-11-06
    公开日:1983-07-23
    发明作者:Ф.Курвуазье Жан-Клод；Ш.Мейлан Жан-Люк；М.Гросс Даниель；Пьер Д.Фурнье Жан
    申请人:Баттель Мемориаль Энститют (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    WITH
    about
    CD
    The invention relates to methods for water purification by distillation with direct use of solar energy.
    A known method of water distillation by heating by solar radiation in a pool in which a film, for example polymer, of dark color is placed on the surface of water to absorb solar thermal energy and transfer by convection some of this energy to the surface of the water on which it floats.
    The disadvantage of this method is the uneven heating of the water layer at the height of the pool.
    The known method of water purification by distillation is by distributing the purified water over a heating surface, which has properties to absorb solar radiation, heat water under the action of solar radiation, evaporate water, and condense vapors 2
    The disadvantage of this method is low heating efficiency.
    The aim of the invention is to increase the heating efficiency.
    This goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method of water purification by distillation, consisting in the distribution of the treated water on the heating surface capable of absorbing solar radiation, heating the water under the action of solar radiation, its subsequent evaporation and condensation of the secondary steam, : Cover with a layer of liquid / Solar permeable and immiscible with water.
    In the process, water is supplied to a pool, preferably shallow, with a flat bottom, the surface of which is painted in a dark color. The absorption of sunlight by this surface allows water to be heated, starting from the bottom layer. Before heating, the surface of the water is pre-coated with a layer of a liquid substance, such as oil, permeable to solar radiation and immiscible with water,
    As a liquid substance permeable to solar radiation, incombustible with water and having vapor vapor lower than the elasticity of water vapor, it is preferable to use an oil that is transparent or radioconductive at the temperature of heating the water layer, for example, mineral, vegetable or animal. increased molecular weight and a corresponding melting point. Preferably, this oil is colorless or, in extreme cases, very slightly painted.
    This substance is chosen among substances whose density is lower than the density of water, which do not change under the chemical influence of solar radiation and remain chemically stable in contact with air and with the water being cleaned, for example
    5 sea,
    It is desirable that this liquid vegetation has a high viscosity, a melting point of 0 ° C and a refractive index close to the refractive index of water (m, e, about 1.33)
    It is also desirable that this substance is impermeable to infrared rays, t, e, to electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in excess of 5 μm, in order to avoid any loss of heat from the water layer due to the emission of thermal infrared rays,
    0 Under the influence of solar radiation, the water layer is heated, and the presence of a layer of a liquid substance (for example, oil) on its surface makes it possible to raise the water temperature from
    5 50 due to the fact that the layer of oil prevents the evaporation of water from the layer. The heated water to a predetermined temperature is diverted to the evaporation zone, where the pressure is maintained below atmospheric. The water vapor obtained in the evaporator is directed to condensation. In the heating zone, the thickness of the water layer should preferably be no more than 20 cm in order to ensure rapid heating of the water. Optimal
    5, the tire depends on the radiation conditions and the desired mode of installation. In practice. In tick, this value is 1-10 cmz, usually 2-6 cm,
    As a liquid substance,
    It can be used, for example, paraffin oil having a density of 0.904 and a viscosity of 33 degrees Engler (Nass oil 79, manufactured by Shell.), Or paraffin oil having a density. 0.905 and a viscosity of 75 Oe (a product of Nassa Oil, manufactured by Shell), or a paraffin oil having a density of 0.982 at 20 ° C and a viscosity (Vitrex oil of 71) or a paraffin oil having a density of 20 ° C , 88,
    You can also use mixtures
    5 oils and oxidation inhibitors, and / or inhibitors of the reaction with salts dissolved in water, foam inhibiting agents and substances lowering the temperature of solid oils.
    Preferably, the thickness of the layer of liquid substance immiscible with water is 0.1-3 cm. To increase the heating effect
    5 water can be dispersed in it
    dark colored dyes or particles of inert material, for example, coal possessing the property of absorbing solar radiation and reducing thermal energy then to water. .
    To prevent; heat transfer due to air convection between a layer of a substance immiscible with a watering layer, and the atmosphere, you can install at least one screen that transfers part of the thermal energy of solar radiation under a part of this layer of matter to isolate the layer between this screen and the layer substances. It is also possible to cover a part of the surface of a layer with a plurality of floating hollow bodies, for example, of a spheroidal shape, from such a substance, like glass, which ensures the transmission of at least a part of solar radiation,
    In order to prevent the danger of a rupture by the wind of the surface layer of a liquid material that is immiscible with water that covers the surface of the water layer, it is possible to fractionate this layer with a lattice of walls immersed in the layer. Preferably, this reel is covered with at least one wall of the material providing for the transfer of part of the solar radiation. Fractionation can also be carried out by floating frames.
    In order to increase the intensity of the irradiation received by the layer under these conditions, at least one reflector can be used, such as a flat or curved reflective surface, or a plurality of such surfaces set up to reflect solar radiation on the surface of the layer. It is desirable to use at least one ventilated reflector, the reflective surface of which is preferably facing south to allow the angular reflection of the radiation to be optimally controlled regardless of the angle
    incidence of solar radiation.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    METHOD FOR CLEANING WATER DISTYL-4 BY LITHUANIA by distributing purified water over a heating surface capable of absorbing solar radiation, heating water under the influence of solar radiation, its subsequent evaporation and condensation of secondary steam, characterized in that, in order to increase the heating efficiency, the surface of the water before by heating, they preliminarily cover a layer of a liquid substance that is permeable to solar radiation and not immovable with water.
    § cl with
    G031406
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    SU1031406A3|1983-07-23|Method for purifying water by distillation
    El-Sebaii et al.2015|Advanced designs of solar desalination systems: A review
    US4698135A|1987-10-06|Desalinating drip-irrigation system
    Blanchard1964|Sea-to-air transport of surface active material
    US4053368A|1977-10-11|Process for the purification of water
    US4110172A|1978-08-29|Solar energy collecting pond
    US3138546A|1964-06-23|Apparatus utilizing solar energy for demineralizing water
    US4578898A|1986-04-01|Solamar water recovery
    CH646403A5|1984-11-30|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DISTILLING WATER.
    US3846251A|1974-11-05|Apparatus for solar distillation
    US3387602A|1968-06-11|Solar heater
    WO1991004228A1|1991-04-04|Process for the production of fresh water using water containing impurities and installation for its implementation
    US6001222A|1999-12-14|Solar heating and evaporation plant
    US5468351A|1995-11-21|Apparatus for recovering fresh water and apparatus for concentrating liquid
    Jamil et al.2019|Sustainable desalination using portable devices: a concise review
    US3351538A|1967-11-07|Solar distillation equipment
    US3270739A|1966-09-06|Solar heater
    JPH11156341A|1999-06-15|Solar thermal distillator
    KR800000698B1|1980-07-21|Apparatus for the purification of water
    Reddy et al.1983|Performance of a multiple-wick solar still with condenser
    KR800000699B1|1980-07-21|Process for the purification of water
    FR2470781A1|1981-06-12|POLYETHYLENE SHEETS FOR COVERING TUNNEL-TYPE STRUCTURES USED IN AGRICULTURE
    FI77713C|1989-04-10|ANORDINATION FOR TRANSMISSION AV TRANSMISSION AV ELECTROMAGNETIC STRAOLNING.
    JPS5777855A|1982-05-15|Solar pond
    腰岡政二 et al.1986|Photodegradation of an insecticide, dipropyl 4-| phenyl phosphate, by xenon lamp
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    PH15297A|1982-11-12|
    IN143193B|1977-10-15|
    TR18593A|1977-04-22|
    FR2249842B1|1979-08-17|
    CH566268A5|1975-09-15|
    JPS5079162A|1975-06-27|
    IT1025446B|1978-08-10|
    YU83080A|1983-04-30|
    AR213162A1|1978-12-29|
    GB1465140A|1977-02-23|
    ZA747143B|1975-11-26|
    MTP771B|1975-04-25|
    JPS5749276B2|1982-10-21|
    YU297374A|1982-02-28|
    CU34139A|1980-10-30|
    BR7409180A|1976-05-11|
    IL45901A|1977-08-31|
    FR2249842A1|1975-05-30|
    OA04799A|1980-08-31|
    ES431727A1|1976-09-01|
    IL45901D0|1974-12-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    RU2515289C2|2009-06-30|2014-05-10|Омиа Интернэшнл Аг|Cooler|US3077190A|1957-07-22|1963-02-12|Naomi B Allen|Solar water heating apparatus|US4019496A|1975-04-07|1977-04-26|Daystar Corporation|Collecting solar energy|
    FR2318394B1|1975-07-18|1977-12-09|Chaudronnerie Entr Indle|
    DE2545297C3|1975-10-09|1981-09-03|Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Gen., 6500 Mainz|Wall material for cell structures to suppress heat loss in solar energy collectors|
    FR2330971B1|1975-11-04|1978-04-14|Cicero|
    CH611405A5|1976-01-08|1979-05-31|Battelle Development Corp|
    FR2345673B1|1976-01-30|1978-08-18|Elf Aquitaine|
    JPS543077B2|1976-05-24|1979-02-17|
    GB1599665A|1977-05-09|1981-10-07|Jackson P A|Solar collector and power plant utilizing the same|
    DE2962863D1|1978-02-22|1982-07-08|Watson Dev Ltd John|Improvements in or relating to desalination apparatus and method|
    FR2561637B1|1984-03-20|1988-10-14|Guiffray Michel|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING DISTILLED WATER FROM SEA WATER|
    JPH0541730Y2|1986-06-16|1993-10-21|
    JPH0355372U|1989-10-05|1991-05-28|
    FR2727957B1|1994-12-08|1997-05-16|Sejourne Pierre Dominique|SOLAR DESALINATOR SENSOR|
    AUPN692695A0|1995-12-01|1996-01-04|Thermal Energy Accumulator Products Pty Ltd|Water purification plant|
    CN102049146B|2009-11-10|2012-09-12|王丽军|Solar evaporating and steam stripping device for mixed oil solution|
    JP6587170B2|2014-12-26|2019-10-09|国立研究開発法人物質・材料研究機構|Evaporation or distillation fluid, distillation method and distillation apparatus|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH1564273A|CH566268A5|1973-11-07|1973-11-07|
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